The gemological glossary is an useful strument to approach gemology.
They are listed in the Glossary in alphabetical order, highlighting the characteristics of each mineral that are useful for identification purposes, if observable and distinguishable under magnification: shape and/or crystallization habit (with the possibility of tracing the crystallization system to which it belongs), transparency, luster, and color. Other elements useful for investigating the origin are also listed: geological origin and location and any association with other minerals, possibly also making use of possible affinities in essential chemistry.
Choose a term to read the definition:
- Absorption Spectrum
- Accessory components
- Acicular Inclusions
- Acrylate Epoxies
- Acrylate Silicones
- Actinolite
- Actinolite Schist
- Alabasters
- Albite
- Aluminum
- Aluminum Oxide
- Aluminum Sesquioxide
- Ammonia
- Amphiboles
- Andalusite
- Andesites
- Andradite Garnet
- Anomalous Double Refraction
- Antimony
- Apatite
- Aplite
- Aquamarine
- Argillites
- Artificial Substances or Materials
- Asbestos
- Asteria (Corundum)
- Asterism
- Asthenosphere
- Barite
- Basaltic Magmas
- Basalts
- Basin Solutions
- Beryl
- Beryllium
- Biaxial Birefringence
- Biotite
- Biotite Schist
- Biphasic inclusions
- Bituminous argillaceous schists
- Blowtorch
- Boric Acid
- Boron
- Boule
- Butane
- Calcite
- Calcium
- Carbon
- Carbon Dioxide
- Carbon Monoxide
- Carbonic Acid
- Cassiterite
- Catalyst
- Cavity
- Cerium
- Chalcedony
- Chatoyancy
- Chivor
- Chlorine
- Chlorite
- Chrome Diopside
- Chromite
- Chromophore (Element)
- Chromophore Agent
- Chromophore Oxides
- Chrysoberyl
- Chrysotile
- Cleavage
- Cobalt
- Colored Oil Filling Treatment
- Columbite
- Conglomerates
- Continental Drift (A. Wegener)
- Copper
- Coral
- Cordierite
- Core
- Corundum
- Corundum Padparadscha
- Cross Polarizers
- Crossed Filters
- Crossed-Polarizer Polariscope
- Crystal
- Crystal Lattice
- Crystallization
- Crystallization Directions
- Crystallization Phases
- Crystallization Systems
- Crystallographic Axes
- Cubic System
- Cubic Zirconia
- Czochralski, Jan
- Decrepitation
- Decrepitation Halo
- Δ (Delta)
- Dendrites
- δ (Density)
- Diabase
- Diamond
- Diffraction
- Dike
- Diopside
- Diorites
- Dissolved ‘Silk’
- Dolomite
- Dolomites
- Double Refraction
- Druse
- Dunites
- Earth’s Crust
- Eclogites
- Emerald
- Emerald Limit Angle (Beryl)
- Enstatite
- Epidote
- Epoxy resin
- Evaporites
- Exothermic reactions
- Exsolution Process
- Fabulite
- Faceting
- Facies
- Fault
- Feldspars
- Filling
- Filling Treatments (Obturation, Infiltration)
- ‘Flash Effect’
- Flogopite
- Fluorine
- Fluorite
- Flux
- Fuchsite
- Gabbros
- Garnets
- Gem
- Geobaric gradient
- Geode
- Geophysics (Earth Physics)
- Geothermal gradient
- GGG (Gallium Gadolinium Garnet)
- Gneiss
- Goethite
- Gold
- GPa
- Granite
- Granodiorite
- Grossular Garnet
- Growth
- Growth channels
- Halite
- Healing Fracture
- Heat Treatment or Thermal-Treatment (Heating)
- Heavy liquids
- Hematite
- Hornblende
- Hue
- Hydrocarbons
- Hydrogen
- Hydrothermal
- Hydrothermal Genesis
- Hydrothermal Process
- Hypersthene
- Igneous or Magmatic or Eruptive Rocks
- Immersion tank
- Inclusions
- Incongruent crystallizations
- Inner Core
- Interference
- Interference Colors
- Iridescent Fractures
- Iridescent Interference Colors
- Iridium
- Iron
- Iron hydroxide
- Iron Oxide
- Lanthanum
- Lapis Lazuli
- Lead
- Lead filling treatment
- Lead Fluoride
- Lead Molybdate
- Lead Vanadate
- Lepidolite
- Light Dispersion
- Limit Angle (or Critical Angle)
- Limit Angle Cone
- Limonite
- Lithium
- Lithium Oxide
- Lithosphere
- Lithostatic Pressure
- Lower Cretaceous
- Lower Mantle
- Mafic components
- Magma
- Magma Chamber
- Magmatic Phases
- Magmatic Process
- Magnesite
- Magnesium
- Magnesium Oxide
- Magnetite
- Main Minerals
- Manganese
- Manganese Oxide
- Mantle
- Marbles
- Metamict Zircon
- Metamictic haloes
- Metamorphic rocks
- Methane
- Methylene Iodide
- Mica
- Micaschists
- Microcline
- Migmatites
- Mineral
- Moldavite
- Molybdenite
- Molybdenum Oxide
- Monocrystalline Quartz
- Monorefringence
- Moss Agate Chalcedony
- Multiphase Inclusions
- Muscovite
- Muscovitic Micaschists
- Muzo
- n
- Natural Glass
- Natural Substances or Materials
- Negative Crystal
- Negative Inclusions
- Nickel
- Nitrogen
- Nutrient
- nω ; nε
- nα ; nβ ; nγ
- Obsidian
- Octahedron
- Oil Filling Treatment
- Olivine
- Opal
- Optical Axis
- Optical Character
- Optical Diffusion
- Optical Sign
- Opticon
- Orogenetic
- Orthoclase
- Orthomagmatic Genesis
- Outer Core
- Oxygen
- Paragenesis
- Parisite
- Pegmatites
- Pegmatitic
- Pegmatitic Genesis
- Pentane
- Peridot
- Peridotites
- Phenakite
- Phlogopite Schist
- Phosphoric Acid
- Phosphorus
- Pinctada Martensii
- Plagioclase
- Platinum
- Plutonic Rocks
- Pneumatolytic Genesis
- Polariscope
- Polarization
- Polishing
- Polishing lines
- Polycrystalline Quartz
- Polyesters
- Polymers
- Polysynthetic Twinning
- Polyurethanes
- Porphyry
- Potassium
- Prepolymer Resin
- Prismatic-tabular crystals
- Propane
- Pyrite
- Pyroxenes
- Pyrrhotite
- Quartz
- Quartzolites
- Radiolarians
- Rare Earths
- Rhyolite
- Rock
- Rotational Geoid
- Ruby
- Rutile
- Sandstones
- Sapphire
- Sawing
- Scheelite
- Schist
- Secondary Minerals
- Sedimentary Rocks
- Sedimentary Schist
- Seed-Crystal
- Selective Light Absorption
- Serpentine
- Serpentinite
- Sialic components
- Silicate Perovskites
- Silicates
- Silicon
- Silicon Oxide or Silicon Dioxide
- ‘Silk’
- Single-phase inclusions
- Slate
- Sodium
- Sodium Carbonate
- Sodium chloride
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Solid Inclusions
- Spectral Colors
- Spezia, Giorgio
- Spinel
- Spodumene
- Subduction
- Sulfur
- Sulfurous Anhydride (Sulfur Dioxide)
- Syenites
- Synthetic Alexandrite
- Synthetic Chrysoberyl Alexandrite
- Synthetic Filling Treatment
- Synthetic Rutile
- Synthetic Scheelite
- Synthetic Spinel
- Synthetic Substances or Materials
- Synthetic Turquoise
- Talc
- Talc-carbonate Schists
- Talc-Schist
- Tectite
- Tectonic Phenomena
- Tectonic Plates
- Thermal diffusion treatment
- Thorium
- Three-phase Inclusions
- Titanite or Sphene
- Titanium
- Titanium Dioxide
- Topaz
- Tourmaline
- Trachytes
- Transition Zone
- Travertine
- Treated Gems
- Treatment
- Tremolite
- Tremolitic Schist
- Tubular Inclusions
- Turquoise
- Twinned Crystal
- Twinning
- Twinning Lamellae
- UNI Standards
- Uniaxial Birefringence
- Unit Cell
- Upper Mantle
- Uranium
- Urethane Acrylates
- Vanadium
- Vanadium Oxide
- Verneuil, August Victor Louis
- Vesuvianite
- Vitro-Phyrtic Texture
- Wavelengths
- White light
- Wolframite
- YAG (Yttrium Aluminium Garnet)
- Zinc
- Zircon
- Zirconium
